this study aimed to examine the effectiveness of RESPECTFUL LISTENING to CHILDRENPACKAGE on promoting mothers’ psychological well-being. Forty two mother- child dyads were selected by available sampling method from a preschool setting in Tehran. The lack of psychological and behavioral disorders were examined in the participants: The CHILDREN completed the CBCL (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) and the mothers completed the GHQ (Goldberg & Hillier, 1979).The participants were randomly assigned into either the experimental or control group. The mothers in both groups completed the Warwick- Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (2008) at three stages of pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow up. The mothers in the experimental group received the RESPECTFUL LISTENING to CHILDREN PACKAGE. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance with mixed procedure (between groups and within groups). The results indicated that in pre-test stage scores of psychological well-being in the two groups were not so different whereas in post-test stage scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than the scores of the control group, and the differences maintained after two month follow up. The findings suggested that interventions based on mother-child relationship, especially effective LISTENING to CHILDREN, may be used in promoting mothers’ psychological well-being, and in preventing future problems in CHILDREN.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of “LISTENING to CHILDREN RESPECTFULly” PACKAGE on enhancing 5 and 6-year-old CHILDREN’s well- being. 42 mother and child pairs were selected. They were initially tested with CBCL and SCL90 questionnaires to make sure none of them are suffering from behavioral or psychological disorders. They were accidentally divided to experiment and control groups. CHILDREN of both groups filled the CHILDREN’s psychological well-being scale in 3 stages: pre-test, post-test and follow up, and the PACKAGE was taught to mothers of experiment group in 6 sessions. Analytical method was MANOVA for analyzing data. Findings revealed that well- being scores of CHILDREN in experimental group significantly increased after intervention for their mothers. The scores were still high after two-month follow up. Findings of this research were discussed considering previous research. Limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are also given.

Background and Aim: In today’s world of gadgets, the use of Portable Music Players (PMP) in young people has grown faster than our ability to assess their potential health consequences. The aim of the present study is to investigate the damaging effects caused by improper use of portable music players on hearing.Materials and Methods: Primary hearing damage caused by these devices were investigated by Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission, whereby amplitude of DPOAE (intensity level l1=65dBHL) was compared among 21 young adults who had used their devices at least for a year for>1 h/day, at>50% of the maximum volume setting and 21 subjects as control group. The data of the present case-control study was analyzed using Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney statistica measures.Results: Mean DPOAE amplitude between the two groups showed a decrease in the amplitude f2=1 & 2 kHz in the right ear and f2=3 kHz in the left ear in the user group (p=0.011). Comparison of the two sexes showed a decrease in DPOAE amplitude greater in men than in women (p=0.042).Conclusion: The results showed a decrease in DPOAE amplitude in users compared with that in the controls. The changes in hearing sensitivity measured by DPOAE indicate the potential harmful effects of LISTENING to loud music on hearing and cochlea function.

This research article examines legal discrimination against CHILDREN born out of wedlock in Iran. Despite laws promoting equality, societal attitudes influenced by beliefs continue to result in discrimination. The study explores the reconciliation of religious beliefs with legal frameworks and the changes made to the Iranian legal system in response to positive human rights developments. The Article seeks to bridge the research gaps by comparing the experiences of Iranian CHILDREN with those in other countries affected by Islamic law. The study employs library sources and descriptive and historical research methods to examine the legal status of CHILDREN born outside of marriage, both nationally and internationally, and the discrimination they face. The Article is structured into four distinct sections: an analysis of Islamic Law, a review of the Iranian legal system, an assessment of Iran's compliance with international conventions, and a discourse on the necessity of substantial positive change. The Article ultimately recommends the eradication of discrimination through heightened awareness and the advancement of inclusivity for all CHILDREN, irrespective of their lineage. In summary, this research Article aims to shed light on legal challenges faced by CHILDREN born outside of marriage in Iran, with the goal of promoting positive changes in their treatment.

There is a verse in the holy Quran which indicates that the Holy Book lays emphasis on LISTENING and fairness. According to this verse these two concepts go hand in hand. There are many anecdotes in the mystic books alluding to LISTENING to or hearing of the recitation of the Quran. According to these anecdotes the mystics after LISTENING to the Quran were so excited that many a time they passed away. The present paper is an attempt to introduce Tha'labi who is the compiler of these anecdotes and to study and introduce some of these anecdotes. Also the classification of these anecdotes in accordance to their audience is another issue that has been briefly discussed.The findings of the paper demonstrate that some of the audiences of these stories were influenced by the beauty aspect and others by the glory aspect of the holy Quran. In fact the glory on the one hand and excitation and interest on the other influenced them.

The present study was conducted by examining the views of relevant experts and their exposure to child labor in Shiraz. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews and analyzed based on grounded theory. Ten axial categories and one core category were extracted from the coding process. The core category was developed under the title of "institutional passivity and sectoralism". The results of the research showed that the causal conditions such as incompatibility and institutional and managerial confusion, diversity of perspectives to the phenomenon of child labor and non-governmental organizations and indifference towards child labor has caused the emergence of this phenomenon. Intervening conditions include: negative representation and conflicting media activities, Inhibition of some domestic and international rules and laws and child labor of nationals and the problem of identification and identity. This central phenomenon is located in special conditions and contexts due to family pressure and starting the work process in childhood, child labor as an income generating industry, child labor as a source of financial support for the family and the unique opportunity for working CHILDREN, and Shiraz's oppurtunities for immigrants. The type of encounter with working CHILDREN in Shiraz has caused numerous consequences that can be seen Unreasonable increase of child labor of nationals, Failure to contain and control the problem of working CHILDREN, lack of proper organization and social support of working CHILDREN, Anonymity of working CHILDREN and persuasion and encouragement of nationals to immigrate to Shiraz.

This study investigated the interrelationship among EFL learners' goal orientations, willingness to communicate (WTC), LISTENING anxiety, and LISTENING comprehension. Two-hundred participants, selected through convenience sampling procedure from private language institutes, completed the following questionnaires: Goal Orientation Questionnaire section of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich et al., 1991), WTC Questionnaire (Cao & Philip, 2006), and Foreign Language LISTENING Anxiety Scale (Kim, 2000). The LISTENING section of the IELTS exam was also utilized for measuring the participants’ LISTENING comprehension ability. First, a hypothesized model was tested through the AMOS program. The results revealed that all the variables in the study were positively correlated with L2 LISTENING comprehension except for L2 LISTENING anxiety and performance goal orientation, which were negatively correlated with L2 LISTENING comprehension. Moreover, it was found that mastery goal orientation was the strongest predictor of the dependent variable. Then, the revised model for the interrelationship among the variables was presented. The results showed that both psychological and cognitive variables could have crucial roles in EFL learners’ success in learning LISTENING comprehension ability. The implications of the study are discussed in the text.